What is the route taken by instructions from upper to lower management?

• A. Chain of command
• B. Span of Control
• C. Level of hierarchy
• D. Organisational Structure

Answer: (A)

The route of instructions from upper to lower management is the chain of command. This is the path through which authority and orders pass down the organizational levels—from the top, through managers, to supervisors and frontline staff. It clarifies who has the power to make decisions and who is responsible for carrying them out, ensuring a clear line of authority and accountability.

Span of control, level of hierarchy, and organisational structure describe other aspects of how a business is arranged or how many people a manager oversees, or how authority is organized, but they don’t specify the downward flow of instructions.