What term describes messages sent through established channels?

• A. Messages sent through established channels.
• B. Messages sent casually, not through established channels.
• C. Factors that stop effective communication.
• D. Personal Communication

Answer: (A)

Formal communication is shown here. It uses official, established channels to send messages, such as memos, reports, official emails, and meetings. This approach provides structure, authority, and a written record, which helps ensure messages are clear, consistent, and traceable. The other descriptions refer to informal or personal messaging, or to obstacles that hinder communication, not to messages moved through the recognized channels.